Valve for internal-combustion engines



H. DOTZER.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED 'NOV- 24. I919- Paten ted Feb. 21-

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H. DOTZER.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES-z APPLICATION FILED NOV 24, l9l9- Patented Feb. 21, 1922;

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' HUGO .DOT ZER, OF SEATTLE, WASI-IINGTON.

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Specification'of Letters Patent. Patqgnted Feb, 21, 1922,

Application filed November e4, 1919. el- No. 34.0453.

T01 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUoo"Dorznn, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Seattle, county of Kin and State of ,VVa-shingtomhc ve invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valve for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in internal combustionengines, and moreparticularly to improvements inthe construction of cylinder heads and valve mechanism.

further object of the invention is to provide a cylinder head for housing the .valve mechanisms, comprising fuel inlet channels located in such manner. as to make I possible pre-heating of the fuel gases and to provide space for al-combustion chamber which is free from pockets or corners that would hold burned or dead gases.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided improved details of construction,thepreferred forms drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a cylinder head andva-lvemechanism, constructed accordance with the present invention, show? ing, the valvesin difl'erent positions. Fig. 2 isa-horiaontal, sectionalview of of which are illustrated iirthe accompanying hes me, on theline 2-2ii1 Fig. 1.

' 3 is a vertical section transversely through the cylinder head.

Fig. 4 is a detail side view of valve mechanism.

' 5 is a perspective view of the exterior valve sleeve.

is a simi r new of h nte im Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionof the cams af s es th c i v u cue eae' th s me Referring more in detail to the drawings- 1 designates the cylinder head proper, which as shown, accommodates twocngine cylinders as indicated indotted lines in Fig. 1, and to which the head may be attached in the usual or in any other suitable manner. it is to be understood however, that cylinder heads of this character may be adapted to cover not only two, but any desired number of cylinders according to the'size or type of engine on which it is to be used.

In the present devl cethe head comprises two valve casings, 2 and 2', which are substantially cylindrical, and open at their inner ends in registration with the cylinders which they accommodate and, at their outer ends,.to the upper face, of the head; the

outer walls of the head forming a jacket within which a cooling medium may be .circulatedabollt he valv casings.

Centrally and at one side of the head is an opening 3, with which inlet channels 4 and 4 are directly connected to supply fuel charges to the cylinders through the valve casings, the fuel being delivered to the open ing 3 through the usual manifold, not shown, which may; be attached to the head.

7 Located within each of the valve casings is .a valve mechanism for controlling the passage. of fuel gases into and from the .cylindei'S, and since both valves shown are identical in construction and in operation, but one will be described in detail with the understanding that the description relates equally to fb joth. Each valve mechanism coniprises at its upper end, a sort of trunk piston 5, provided in its side wall with a lateral opening 6 which is adapted to register with the inlet channel 41; when the piston is moved to its lower limit, which w ll allow fuelto be deliveredginto the cylinder.

The pistonis also of suflicient length that,

except when at its lower limit, it .will close the inlet passage as is shown in Fig. .3.

1' Threaded into the base of the piston and securedjby meansof a wedgelscrew is the upper-end of a rod 8 which extends down- WardlyJcentrally within the casing and atv its .lower end is fixed to a valve member 9 of particular construction, consist ng of a valvehead having an upstanding, perlphera l flange 10 provided externally with an upwardly facingconical face 11 which is adapted to seat, when the valve is moved to its upper limit, against a downwardly facing conical seat 12 at the lower end ofja Sleeve 13 that fits snugly within and at its upper end is threaded into an enlargement.

15 in the lower'portion of the casing.

The flange of the valve is also provided 7 interiorly with a cylindrical seat 16 which I is adapted to snugly receive the lower end of a second sleeve 17, provided at its upper end with a peripheral flange 18 which is also threaded into the enlargement of the easing andis clamped between the upper end of the sleeve 13 and an annular shoulder 14- within the casing. The sleeve 17 has an interior diameter equal to that of the upper end ofthe casing wherein the piston memher, is mounted and has an exterior diameter which is sufliciently less than the interior diameter of the sleeve 13 that an annular channel 19 is formed between the two sleeves. Supported above and from the valve 9 by means of spacingbars 2O isa ring valve 21,

Y which is slidably contained within the annular channel'19. This ring is provided with packing or piston rings as indicated at 22,

to prevent leakage between the sleeves. V

The'exterior sleeve '13 is provided circumferentially witha seriesof spirally directed 'opemngs 25 for providing communication between the channel 19 and an exterior annular passage 26 formed within the enlargement of the valve casing, and which opens into an exhaust passage 27, qparticularly illustrated in Fig. 3, through which burned charges are exhausted from, the cylinder.

The movable valve mechanism is at all times urged upwardly by means of a coiled spring 30 which encloses the rod 8 and at its upperend bears against the inner face of the piston'5, and'at its lower end against a spider construction 31 formed within the fixed sleeve 17. This spider also supports a guide bearing-3l wherein the lower end .of the rod 8 is slidably contained.

' -At its upper end the piston '5 is provided with spaced standards 32' between which a roller 33 is mounted; theroller operating in contact with a cam 55, of particular design, which is fixed on a shaft 39 revolubly .1m0unted in-anti-friction bearings 40 carried by standards 41 at opposite ends of the head,;so that :the shaft extends centrally above the cylinders.

'Asis indicated in Fig. 7, during the compression and explosion stroke ofthe piston,

theroller 33 rides upon a surface of the cam ,which causes no, movement of the valve mechanism, and permits it to rest in a posi- 6 0.

tion at its upper limit offtravel, as shown 1n F g. 3,. but during the exhaust and intake strokes, the valve mechanism'is gradually depressed as the rounded surface 42 is moved against the roller.

iiwhich. leads up, to the pointxel3 of the. cam

With the 'valve mechanism so constructed and assembled, operation of the engine would be as follows:

Assuming thatthe cam shaft is being V driven from, and is rotating at one half the speed of' the crank shaft with which the engine pistons, not shown, are connected, by referring to Fig. 7 it will be understood that during the compression stroke of the piston, the foam" causes 'no movement of the valve mechanism and. the latter is retained by the pressure of the spring 30 atits upper limit, as is shown in Fig. 3, so that the valve 9 seats tightly against the lower ends of the sleeves 13 and 17 and orevents 686. e of l P.

fuel from the explosion chamber.

Atthe proper time the compressed charge During the following. downward move- -.ment of the piston. the; cam continues to depress the valve mechanism and the head 9 is moved clear ofthe sleeve 17. Simultaneously. thepiston-fi moves downwardly There isjalsono movement of the until its opening 6 registerslwith the inlet 7 channel 4%. The ring valve 21 is also moved downwardly with the valve .9 until it closes the annular channel 1.9 below ..the openings 95 and communication with the exhaust is thereby cut off the parts assumingtlhe position as shown at the right in Fig.

. Downward movement; ofthe piston creates a suction which causes the fuelto be intaken through the centralfpassage of the valve mechanism until the point of the valve passes from the roller 33 anchthevalve parts are again moved to closedposition by the pressure of spring 30againstjthepiston 5, which completesone cycleof operation; a a I To provide for accurate adjustment of the valve mechanisml have mounted the "roller 33 upon a central enlargement 34: of a shaft 35 which supports th'eyroller between the standards-32. One end-of the shaft has an aperture 36 therein, which may register with any. one. of a series of holes in a hub portion 38 of a supporting standardpso that the shaft maybe rotated-to; adjust the position of the roller end valve parts, and maythen be held at such adjustment by. projecting a pin through the registering apertures. i

It will be noted, by reference to Fig.2,

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that gases entering the distributing channels and 4; are directed against a wall which normally is kept hot by the usual heated condition of the Water within the head, which causes the fuel charges to be pre-heated before entering the explosion chambers, a circumstance which is very much desired in engines of this character.

I also prefer to enclose the cams and roller mechanism in housings 60 wherein a lubricating fluid may be confined to lubricate the moving parts of the mechanism.

It is apparent that with such a construction, one valve is made to serve for both the intaking and discharging of fuel, and that movable parts, such as rocker arms and levers are eliminated and a head is provided whereto exhaust and intake manifolds may be easily connected in a manner that will simplify and cheapen engine construction.

I aving thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is 1. In combination, a cylinder head having formed therein, an explosion chamber, a valve cylinder opening at its opposite ends respectively to the exterior of the head and into said explosion chamber, an annular valve channel formed about the lower end of said valve cylinder and opening into the explosion chamber, a fuel inlet passage leading into the valve cylinder, a fuel exhaust passage leading from the annular valve channel, a piston valve mounted for reciprocation within the valve cylinder and operable across the said inlet passage to control the inlet of fuel therethrough, a valve head rigidly connected with the said piston and movable therewith over and from the inner end of said valve cylinder and into and from the annular valve channel, an'annular valve 'member rigidly connected with the valve head and operable within the valve channel across the exhaust passage to close communication to the latter when said valve head is in open position with respect to the valve cylinder and means for actuating the valve mechanism.

2. In combination, a cylinder head having formed therein, an explosion chamber, a valve cylinder opening at its opposite ends respectively to the exterior of the head and into said explosion chamber, an annular valve channel formed about the lower end of said valve cylinder and opening into the explosion chamber, a fuel inlet passage leading into the valve cylinder, a fuel exhaust passage leading from the annular valve channel, a piston valve mounted for reciprocation within the valve cylinder over said fuel inlet passage and having an open inner end and a port in the side wall thereof movable into registration with said fuel inlet passage, a valve head rigidly connected with said piston valve having a peripheral flange thereon; said head being movable downwardly with the piston from the inner end of said valve cylinder to open communication into the ex plosion chamber whensaid fuel inlet passage is opened and movable upwardly therewith to first close said cylinder end and on a further movement to move said peripheral flange into said annular channel to close communication between the explosion chamber and the exhaust passage, an annular valve member rigidly connected with the said head and movable within the annular valve channel to opposite sides of the exhaust passage to close communication to the latter from the explosion chamber only when the lower end of the valve cylinder is open, and means engageable with the upper end of the portion valve for actuating the mechanism.

Signed at Seattle, l/Vashington, this 19th day of November, 1919.

HUGO DOTZER. 

